In many dermatological complaints in companion animals, the skin barrier plays a central role. Dry, flaky or irritated skin is often the result of a disturbed moisture balance or a lack of essential skin lipids. Targeted care with moisturizers can contribute to recovery and comfort in such cases.

But not all moisturizers are the same. A product's effectiveness depends on its composition - and especially on the balance between three types of ingredients: humectants, emollients and occlusives.

Humectants - moisture binders for the skin

Humectants are ingredients that attract water, both from deeper skin layers and from the environment. They are quickly absorbed and improve the hydration of the stratum corneum. Examples include hyaluronic acid, urea, glycerin and colloidal oatmeal.

• Hyaluronic Acid can bind up to 1000x its own weight in water and contributes to skin elasticity. It occurs naturally in the skin and is therefore well tolerated even by sensitive skin.
• Urea moisturizes as well as keratolytic at higher concentrations. It helps remove flakes and supports healthy skin flora through its antimicrobial properties.
• Oatmeal extract (Avena sativa) contains beta-glucans and avenanthramides with moisturizing, soothing and antioxidant properties. It supports the pH balance and barrier function of the skin.

Emollients - softening and skin repair

Emollients replenish the skin's natural lipid layer and provide suppleness and protection. They are richer in texture than humectants and help restore an impaired skin barrier.

• Ceramides play a key role in this. In dogs with atopy, we often see a deficiency of ceramides, leading to increased TEWL (transepidermal water loss). Supplementation supports restoration of the lipid matrix and strengthens barrier function.
• Other common emollients include shea butter, olive oil and jojoba oil.

Occlusives - protection against evaporation

Occlusives form a protective layer on the skin that prevents moisture loss. They are particularly effective on bald or sensitive areas, such as the soles of feet or noses.

• Vaseline (petrolatum) is strongly occlusive and prevents evaporation. It is well tolerated, but can be sticky and attract dirt.
• Silicone provide an air and water permeable barrier and are less stressful for the coat. They protect against external influences without completely sealing the skin.

Combination products for targeted support

The effectiveness of a moisturizer depends on the right balance between these three types of ingredients. Products that combine humectants, emollients and occlusives are suitable for daily maintenance as well as for supporting recovery in affected skin.

Within the Maxani line, the AtopOat series was developed specifically to follow this principle. The line includes products with ceramides, hyaluronic acid and colloidal oatmeal - available as skin shampoo, mousse and cream - and allows veterinarians to tailor care to the skin type and preference of animal and owner.